Source:
International Cartographic Conference, Santiago, Chile (2009)
URL:
http://www.icc2009.cl
Keywords:
SANY; Sensors Anywhere; Cartography
Abstract:
With the advent of open standards and Web services, nowadays many institutions are exchanging and processing spatial information in real-time over the Web. Consequently, a major requirement for Web Cartography is to produce maps directly from geospatial data available in geospatial databases and distributed repositories (Hurni et al., 2006).
The research for improved cartographic visualization of GIS data in a web service context was triggered by two European projects for the environmental management domain, namely
ORCHESTRA (Open Architecture and Spatial Data Infrastructure for Risk Management) and
SANY (Sensors Anywhere). In ORCHESTRA, managing risks requires that decisions are taken rapidly based on cartographic visualisations of up-to-date data from various systems. Similar requirements for Web Cartography are present in the IST - 6th Framework Integrated
Project SANY, which focuses on interoperability of in-situ sensors and sensor networks. Sen-
sor and spatial data as well as the results of scientific analyses and fusion algorithms must be dynamically presented to the decision makers in a legible map and in real-time.
OGC standards and especially the combination of Web Map Service (WMS), Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) and Symbology Encoding (SE), provide already an open framework for Web mapping services. However, as presented in (Sykora et al. 2007), from the cartographic
point of view the OGC standards offer limited graphical representation possibilities in com-
parison with state of the art cartographic products. As such, the melding of state-of-the-art in distributed cartographic visualisation with open standards was accomplished within Cartographic Web Services.
Cartographic Web Services are standards-based map services which are cartographically enriched. Primarily, cartographic extensions for the Symbology Encoding (SE) standards allow expressing cartographic rules with advanced point symbolisation, patterns for all spatial features, gradients, advanced features filtering and thematic mapping. In addition to fulfilling the most complex visualisation requirements, Cartographic Web Services formalize the map creation process and allows the exchange of cartographic rules.
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